Sun Damage

In Australia, 95% of all skin cancers are due to damage via ultraviolet radiation (UVR) that comes from the sun. These cancers are also referred to as melanomas; Melanomas develop in skin cells called melanocytes due to overexposure to UVR. Melanocytes are responsible for the production of our skin pigment melanin.

• Australia has higher exposure to UVR than Europe
• Australia and New Zealand are the top 2 countries with the highest recorded instances of melanomas

 

What is ultraviolet radiation?
The gorgeous 'shine' from the sun is received by earth via visible, infrared, and ultraviolet (UV) rays.

• Ultraviolet A (UVA)

• Ultraviolet B (UVB) 

• Ultraviolet C (UVC) 

Only UVA and UVB ultraviolet rays reach the earth's surface. UVC is absorbed by the atmosphere. Both UVA and UVB cause detrimental damage to eyes and skin for all ages, cultures and skin pigments.

How does the sun tan the skin?

When skin is exposed to UV light, it responds by increasing melanin production as a protective mechanism. Skin color, or pigment, is determined by the natural amount of melanin produced—higher melanin levels result in darker skin, while lower levels lead to lighter skin tones. The melanin produced in response to UV exposure is temporary, serving as an immediate defense.

Lighter skin contains less melanin and therefore offers less natural protection against UV rays, making it more susceptible to skin cancer. For this reason, individuals with lighter skin should take extra precautions, such as applying sunscreen and wearing protective clothing when outdoors. Prolonged sun exposure can lead to sunburn and other skin problems, not just for those with lighter skin but for everyone. Risk factors for skin damage and cancer include not only skin pigment but also factors like geographic location, lifestyle, diet, and genetic predisposition. Additionally, anyone with a history of skin cancer faces an increased risk of recurrence.

What are sun spots?
Sunspots are basically hyperpigmentation (high melanin production) in one area. They can be small or big and can occur anywhere that sun or UVR meets the skin. They're usually harmless however they can be concerning for aesthetic reasons. Regardless, any changes to your skin should be reviewed by a skin specialist (dermatologist). 

What's the difference between specialists?
A skin specialist is a broad term as any professional in the field of skin treatment will know the signs and can advise you however, a skin care specialist is usually in the business to provide services and assistance to all your skin care needs via treatment options etc. A dermatologist is in the business of the total health of your skin and this includes diagnosis, diet advice, prescriptions, treatment plans and some procedures; as well as understanding the link between internal organ health to skin health.

Are tanning beds safer?
NO! tanning beds emit up to 4 times more UV than the sun and there is clinical evidence that suggests that tanning bed treatments can lead to a risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanomas.

If you're wanting that sun kissed skin or to even out a tan the best way is to use topical skin treatments and avoid any UVR entirely.

To ensure you are protecting your skin from damage and exposure, apply a high SPF cream/oil and reapply throughout the day; EVERYWHERE!

Hats, sunglasses, shade and internal hydration works like an army of protectors.
When you are home, be sure to cleanse the skin to remove the SPF product as this is not recommended to wear to bed as many are comedogenic (can clog the pores). Ongoing attention to skin care also help the skin to stay protected whenever and wherever you go.

How to check for skin cancer?
Follow the link below for a guide on how to do a self skin check 

Link: Cancer Council Australia: https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/causes-and-prevention/sun-safety/check-for-signs-of-skin-cancer